The Pyramids of Giza

The Giza Pyramid Complex is the oldest of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World — and the only one to survive virtually intact. Built between approximately 2580 and 2510 BC on the west bank of the Nile, these monuments were constructed as eternal tombs for three Fourth Dynasty pharaohs: Khufu, Khafre, and Menkaure.

What makes Giza extraordinary is not just the scale — the Great Pyramid remained the tallest human-made structure for nearly 3,800 years — but the precision. The four sides of the Great Pyramid are aligned to the cardinal points with an accuracy of better than one-tenth of a degree. Using no machines, no steel, no pulleys in the modern sense, ancient Egyptians moved 2.3 million stone blocks, each averaging 2.5 tonnes.

Today, the complex also includes the Great Sphinx, the Valley Temple, multiple subsidiary pyramids, and the Giza Solar Boat Museum. A single visit can fill an entire day — or a lifetime of return trips.